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Knowledge Base CSS Terminology

 Cascading Style Sheet Knowledge Base

 

CSS Terminology

CSS Terminology Source

CSS Level 1 Terminology

Sources:
https://www.w3.org/TR/2018/SPSD-CSS1-20180913/#appendix-a

attribute css 1HTML attributelast updated 1/23/2019author css 1the author of an HTML documentlast updated 1/23/2019block-level element css 1an element which has a line break before and after (e.g. 'H1' in HTML)last updated 1/23/2019canvas css 1the part of the UA's drawing surface onto which documents are renderedlast updated 1/23/2019child element css 1a subelement in SGML [5] terminologylast updated 1/23/2019contextual selector css 1a selector that matches elements based on their position in the document structure. A contextual selector consists of several simple selectors. E.g., the contextual selector 'H1.initial B' consists of two simple selectors, 'H1.initial' and 'B'.last updated 1/23/2019CSS css 1Cascading Style Sheetslast updated 1/23/2019CSS1 css 1Cascading Style Sheets, level 1. This document defines CSS1 which is a simple style sheet mechanism for the web.last updated 1/23/2019CSS1 advanced features css 1features that are described in this specification but labeled as not among the CSS1 core featureslast updated 1/23/2019CSS1 core features css 1the part of CSS1 that is required in all CSS1 conforming UAslast updated 1/23/2019CSS1 parser css 1a User Agent that reads CSS1 style sheetslast updated 1/23/2019declaration css 1a property (e.g. 'font-size') and a corresponding value (e.g. '12pt')last updated 1/23/2019designer css 1the designer of a style sheetlast updated 1/23/2019document css 1HTML documentlast updated 1/23/2019element css 1HTML elementlast updated 1/23/2019element type css 1a generic identifier in SGML [5] terminologylast updated 1/23/2019fictional tag sequence css 1a tool for describing the behavior of pseudo-classes and pseudo-elementslast updated 1/23/2019font size css 1The size for which a font is designed. Typically, the size of a font is approximately equal to the distance from the bottom of the lowest letter with a descender to the top of the tallest letter with an ascender and (optionally) with a diacritical mark.last updated 1/23/2019HTML css 1Hypertext Markup Language [2], an application of SGML.last updated 1/23/2019HTML extension css 1Markup introduced by UA vendors, most often to support certain visual effects. The "FONT", "CENTER" and "BLINK" elements are examples of HTML extensions, as is the "BGCOLOR" attribute. One of the goals of CSS is to provide an alternative to HTML extensions.last updated 1/23/2019inline element css 1an element which does not have a line break before and after (e.g. 'STRONG' in HTML)last updated 1/23/2019intrinsic dimensions css 1the width and height as defined by the element itself, not imposed by the surroundings. In this specification it is assumed that all replaced elements -- and only replaced elements -- come with intrinsic dimensions.last updated 1/23/2019parent element css 1the containing element in SGML [5] terminologylast updated 1/23/2019property css 1a stylistic parameter that can be influenced through CSS. This specification defines a list of properties and their corresponding values.last updated 1/23/2019pseudo-class css 1pseudo-classes are used in CSS selectors to allow information external to the HTML source (e.g. the fact that an anchor has been visited or not) to classify elements.last updated 1/23/2019pseudo-element css 1pseudo-elements are used in CSS selectors to address typographical items (e.g. the first line of an element) rather than structural elements.last updated 1/23/2019reader css 1the person for whom the document is renderedlast updated 1/23/2019replaced element css 1an element that the CSS formatter only knows the intrinsic dimensions of. In HTML, 'IMG', 'INPUT', 'TEXTAREA', 'SELECT' and 'OBJECT' elements can be examples of replaced elements. E.g., the content of the 'IMG' element is often replaced by the image that the SRC attribute points to. CSS1 does not define how the intrinsic dimensions are found.last updated 1/23/2019rule css 1a declaration (e.g. 'font-family: helvetica') and its selector (e.g. 'H1')last updated 1/23/2019selector css 1a string that identifies what elements the corresponding rule applies to. A selector can either be a simple selector (e.g. 'H1') or a contextual selector (e.g. 'H1 B') which consists of several simple selectors.last updated 1/23/2019SGML css 1Standard Generalized Markup Language [5], of which HTML is an applicationlast updated 1/23/2019simple selector css 1a selector that matches elements based on the element type and/or attributes, and not he element's position in the document structure. E.g., 'H1.initial' is a simple selector.last updated 1/23/2019single quotes ('...') css 1denote HTML and CSS excerpts.last updated 1/23/2019style sheet css 1a collection of ruleslast updated 1/23/2019UA css 1User Agent, often a web browser or web clientlast updated 1/23/2019user css 1synonymous with readerlast updated 1/23/2019weight css 1the priority of a rulelast updated 1/23/2019

CSS Level 2, 2.1 Definitions

Sources:
https://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/conform.html#replaced-element
https://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-CSS2-20110607/conform.html

Ancestor css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDAn element A is called an ancestor of an element B, if and only if B is a descendant of A.last updated 1/21/2019Attribute css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDA value associated with an element, consisting of a name, and an associated (textual) value.last updated 1/21/2019Author css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDAn author is a person who writes documents and associated style sheets. An authoring tool is a User Agent that generates documents and associated style sheets.last updated 1/21/2019Child css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDAn element A is called the child of element B if and only if B is the parent of A.last updated 1/21/2019Content css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDThe content associated with an element in the source document; not all. Some elements have no content, in which case they are called empty. The content of an element may include text, and it may include a number of sub-elements, in which case the element is called the parent of those sub-elements.last updated 1/21/2019Descendant css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDAn element A is called a descendant of an element B, if either (1) A is a child of B, or (2) A is the child of some element C that is a descendant of B.last updated 1/21/2019Document language css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDThe encoding language of the source document (e.g., HTML, or an XML applicationXHTML, or SVG). CSS is used to describe the presentation of document languages and CSS does not change the underlying semantics of the document languages.last updated 1/21/2019Document tree css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDThe tree of elements encoded in the source document. Each element in this tree has exactly one parent, with the exception of the root element, which has none.last updated 1/21/2019Element css 2, 2.1, 2.2WD(An SGML term, see [ISO8879].) The primary syntactic constructs of the document language. Most CSS style sheet rules use the names of these elements (such as P, TABLE, and OL in HTML) to specify rendering information for themhow the elements should be rendered.last updated 1/21/2019Following element css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDAn element A is called a following element of an element B, if and only if B is a preceding element of A.last updated 1/21/2019Ignore css 2.1, 2.2WDThis term has two slightly different meanings in this specification. First, a CSS parser must follow certain rules when it discovers unknown or illegal syntax in a style sheet. The parser must then ignore certain parts of the style sheets. The exact rules for which parts must be ignored are described in these sections (Declarations and properties, Rules for handling parsing errors, Unsupported Values) or may be explained in the text where the term "ignore" appears. Second, a user agent may (and, in some cases must) disregard certain properties or values in the style sheet, even if the syntax is legal. For example, table-column elements cannot affect the font of the column, so the font properties must be ignored.last updated 1/21/2019Intrinsic dimensions css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDThe width and height as defined by the element itself, not imposed by the surroundings. In CSS2 it is assumed that all replaced elements -- and only replaced elements -- come with intrinsic dimensions.CSS does not define how the intrinsic dimensions are found. In CSS 2.1CSS 2.2 only replaced elements can come with intrinsic dimensions. For raster images without reliable resolution information, a size of 1 px unit per image source pixel must be assumed.last updated 1/21/2019Preceding element css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDAn element A is called a preceding element of an element B, if and only if (1) A is an ancestor of B or (2) A is a preceding sibling of B.last updated 1/21/2019Property css 2.1, 2.2WDCSS defines a finite set of parameters, called properties, that direct the rendering of a document. Each property has a name (e.g., 'color', 'font', or border') and a value (e.g., 'red', '12pt Times', or 'dotted'). Properties are attached to various parts of the document and to the page on which the document is to be displayed by the mechanisms of specificity, cascading, and inheritance (see the chapter on Assigning property values, Cascading, and Inheritance).last updated 1/21/2019Rendered content css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDThe content of an element after the rendering that applies to it according to the relevant style sheets has been applied. The rendered content of a replaced element comes from outside the source document.How a replaced element's content is rendered is not defined by this specification. Rendered content may also be alternate text for an element (e.g., the value of the XHTML "alt" attribute), and may include items inserted implicitly or explicitly by the style sheet, such as bullets, numbering, etc.last updated 1/21/2019Replaced element css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDAn element for which the CSS formatter knows only the intrinsic dimensions. In HTML, IMG, INPUT, TEXTAREA, SELECT, and OBJECT elements can be examples of replaced elements. For example, the content of the IMG element is often replaced by the image that the "src" attribute designates. CSS does not define how the intrinsic dimensions are found.An element whose content is outside the scope of the CSS formatting model, such as an image, embedded document, or applet. For example, the content of the HTML IMG element is often replaced by the image that its "src" attribute designates. Replaced elements often have intrinsic dimensions: an intrinsic width, an intrinsic height, and an intrinsic ratio. For example, a bitmap image has an intrinsic width and an intrinsic height specified in absolute units (from which the intrinsic ratio can obviously be determined). On the other hand, other documents may not have any intrinsic dimensions (for example, a blank HTML document).
User agents may consider a replaced element to not have any intrinsic dimensions if it is believed that those dimensions could leak sensitive information to a third party. For example, if an HTML document changed intrinsic size depending on the user's bank balance, then the UA might want to act as if that resource had no intrinsic dimensions.
The content of replaced elements is not considered in the CSS rendering model.last updated 1/21/2019Sibling css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDAn element A is called a sibling of an element B, if and only if B and A share the same parent element. Element A is a preceding sibling if it comes before B in the document tree. Element B is a following sibling if it comes after A in the document tree.last updated 1/21/2019Source document css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDThe document to which one or more style sheets referapply. This is encoded in some language that represents the document as a tree of elements. Each element consists of a name that identifies the type of element, optionally a number of attributes, and a (possibly empty) content. For example, the source document could be an XML or SGML instance.last updated 1/21/2019Style sheet css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDA set of statements that specify presentation of a document.
Style sheets may have three different origins: author, user, and user agent. The interaction of these sources is described in the section on cascading and inheritance.last updated 1/21/2019User css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDA user is a person who interacts with a user agent to view, hear, or otherwise use a document and its associated style sheet. The user may provide a personal style sheet that encodes personal preferences.last updated 1/21/2019User agent (UA) css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDA user agent is any program that interprets a document written in the document language and applies associated style sheets according to the terms of this specification. A user agent may display a document, read it aloud, cause it to be printed, convert it to another format, etc.
An HTML user agent is one that supports one or more of the HTML specifications. A user agent that supports XHTML [XHTML], but not HTML is not considered an HTML user agent for the purpose of conformance with this specification.last updated 1/21/2019Valid style sheet css 2, 2.1, 2.2WDThe validity of a style sheet depends on the level of CSS used for the style sheet. All valid CSS1 style sheets are valid CSS2CSS 2.1CSS 2.2 style sheets. However,, but some changes from CSS1 mean that a few CSS1 style sheets will have slightly different semantics in CSS2CSS 2.1CSS 2.2. Some features in CSS2 are not part of CSS 2.1CSS 2.2, so not all CSS2 style sheets are valid CSS 2.1CSS 2.2 style sheets.
A valid CSS2CSS 2.1CSS 2.2 style sheet must be written according to the grammar of CSS2CSS 2.1CSS 2.2. Furthermore, it must contain only at-rules, property names, and property values defined in this specification. An illegal (invalid) at-rule, property name, or property value is one that is not valid.last updated 1/21/2019
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