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Script, Scripting Language, VBScript elements, Server-Side VBScript Operator Concatenation

VBScript Concatenation Operators

The concatenation operators are & Operator, and + Operator.

& Operator

last updated 11/17/2017

& or and concatenating operator is used to create a value by forcing a string concatenation of two expressions.

Syntax

expression1 & expression2

Argument

expression1Any expression.expression2Any expression.

Remarks

  • Whenever an expression is not a string, it is converted to a String subtype.
  • If both expressions are Null, result is also Null.
  • However, if only one expression is Null, that expression is treated as a zero-length string ("") when concatenated with the other expression.
  • Any expression that is Empty is also treated as a zero-length string.

Requirement

1

+ Operator

last updated 11/17/2017

Addition operator or plus concatenating operator is used to create a value by summing two numeric expressions or by concatenating two string expressions

Syntax

expression1+expression2

Argument

expression1Any expression.expression2Any expression.

Remarks

  • Although you can also use the + operator to concatenate two character strings, you should use the & operator for concatenation to eliminate ambiguity. When you use the + operator, you may not be able to determine whether addition or string concatenation will occur.
  • The type of the expressions determines the behavior of the + operator. If both expressions are numeric then add. If both expressions are strings then concatenate. If one expression is numeric and the other is a string then type mismatch error.
  • If one or both expressions are Null expressions, result is Null. If both expressions are Empty, result is an Integer subtype. However, if only one expression is Empty, the other expression is returned unchanged as result.

Requirement

1

Examples

Examples of & Operator and + Operator

ASP VbScript Command:
<script runat="server" language="VBScript">
Dim vars,strs,cmda
cmda=array("a","b","a&b","a+b")
Dim ucnt,tmp,i:ucnt=UBound(cmda):If var=1 Then:tmp="":Else:tmp="<b>vars</b>":End If:For i=0 to ucnt:tmp=tmp&"<b>"&rmv_ctrl(cmda(i))&", TypeName</b>":Next:Response.Write "Results on Microsoft Windows 8.1 Pro x64, Microsoft-IIS/8.5, VBScript Version 5.8 of page /internet/users/sideblog/default.asp<br />"&"<i>"&tmp&"</i>"
Function dsp_x:Dim tmp_a,tmp_b,i:If varx=0  Then:Execute vars:End If:If var=1 Then:tmp_a="":Else:tmp_a=rmv_ctrl(vars):End If:For i=0 to ucnt:tmp_b=cmd_b(cmda(i)):if i/2=fix(i/2) Then:tmp_b="<b>"&tmp_b&"</b>":End If:tmp_a=tmp_a&tmp_b:Next:Response.Write "<i>"&tmp_a&"</i>":End Function
Function rmv_ctrl(blk_str):Select Case blk_str:Case chr(0):blk_str="NUL":Case chr(1):blk_str="SOH":Case chr(2):blk_str="STX":Case chr(3):blk_str="ETX":Case chr(4):blk_str="EOT":Case chr(5):blk_str="ENQ":Case chr(6):blk_str="ACK":Case chr(7):blk_str="BEL":Case chr(8):blk_str="BS":Case chr(9):blk_str="HT":Case chr(10):blk_str="LF":Case chr(11):blk_str="VT":Case chr(12):blk_str="FF":Case chr(13):blk_str="CR":Case chr(14):blk_str="SO":Case chr(15):blk_str="SI":Case chr(16):blk_str="DLE":Case chr(17):blk_str="DC1":Case chr(18):blk_str="DC2":Case chr(19):blk_str="DC3":Case chr(20):blk_str="DC4":Case chr(21):blk_str="NAK":Case chr(22):blk_str="SYN":Case chr(23):blk_str="ETB":Case chr(24):blk_str="CAN":Case chr(25):blk_str="EM":Case chr(26):blk_str="SUB":Case chr(27):blk_str="ESC":Case chr(28):blk_str="FS":Case chr(29):blk_str="GS":Case chr(30):blk_str="RS":Case chr(31):blk_str="US":Case chr(127):blk_str="DEL":End Select:rmv_ctrl=blk_str:If IsNull(blk_str) OR IsEmpty(Blk_str) OR blk_str="" OR IsNumeric(Blk_str) Then:Else:rmv_ctrl=Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(blk_str,"&","&amp;"),"  "," &nbsp;"),"""","&quot;"),"<","&lt;"),">","&gt;"): End If :End Function
Function cmd_b(blk_str):cmd_b="["&cmd_x(blk_str)&"], "&cmd_x("TypeName("&blk_str&")"):End Function
Function cmd_x(blk_str):On Error Resume Next:Dim xans, tmp:xans="":tmp="":execute "xans="&blk_str:If Err.Number <> 0  Then:xans=cmd_x("TypeName("&blk_str&")"):Select Case xans:Case 9::Case Else:xans="error":End Select:End If:If IsArray(xans)=False Then:cmd_x=rmv_ctrl(xans): Else:tmp=lst_arry(xans):cmd_x=trim(tmp):End If:End Function
Function lst_arry(blk_str):Dim tmp,i,q:q="""":tmp="":For i=0 to UBound(blk_str):if VarType(blk_str(i))>1 And VarType(blk_str(i))<6 Then:q="'":End If:tmp=tmp&" "&q&rmv_ctrl(blk_str(i))&q:Next:lst_arry=trim(tmp):End Function

vars="a=Null:b=3":dsp_x
vars="a=Empty:b=3":dsp_x
vars="a="""":b=3":dsp_x
vars="a=2:b=Null":dsp_x
vars="a=2:b=Empty":dsp_x
vars="a=2:b=""""":dsp_x
vars="a=Null:b=""b""":dsp_x
vars="a=Empty:b=""b""":dsp_x
vars="a="""":b=""b""":dsp_x
vars="a=""a"":b=Null":dsp_x
vars="a=""a"":b=Empty":dsp_x
vars="a=""a"":b=""""":dsp_x
vars="a=Null:b=Null":dsp_x
vars="a=Empty:b=Empty":dsp_x
vars="a="""":b=""""":dsp_x
vars="a=2:b=3":dsp_x
vars="a=2.2:b=3.3":dsp_x
vars="a=4:b=0.5":dsp_x
vars="a=4:b=-0.5":dsp_x
vars="a=4:b=-5":dsp_x
vars="a=-4:b=2":dsp_x
vars="a=-4:b=0.5":dsp_x
vars="a=-4:b=2.5":dsp_x
vars="a=-4:b=-2.5":dsp_x
vars="a=-4:b=-0.5":dsp_x
vars="a=-4:b=-2":dsp_x
vars="a=""-4"":b=""2""":dsp_x
vars="a=""a"":b=""b""":dsp_x
vars="a=""-4"":b=-2":dsp_x
vars="a=""a"":b=-2":dsp_x
vars="a=-4:b=""-2""":dsp_x
vars="a=-4:b=""b""":dsp_x
</script>
HTML Web Page In-line Output:
Results on Microsoft Windows 8.1 Pro x64, Microsoft-IIS/8.5, VBScript Version 5.8 of page /internet/users/sideblog/default.asp
varsa, TypeNameb, TypeNamea&b, TypeNamea+b, TypeNamea=Null:b=3[], Null[3], Integer[3], String[], Nulla=Empty:b=3[], Empty[3], Integer[3], String[3], Integera="":b=3[], String[3], Integer[3], String[error], errora=2:b=Null[2], Integer[], Null[2], String[], Nulla=2:b=Empty[2], Integer[], Empty[2], String[2], Integera=2:b=""[2], Integer[], String[2], String[error], errora=Null:b="b"[], Null[b], String[b], String[], Nulla=Empty:b="b"[], Empty[b], String[b], String[b], Stringa="":b="b"[], String[b], String[b], String[b], Stringa="a":b=Null[a], String[], Null[a], String[], Nulla="a":b=Empty[a], String[], Empty[a], String[a], Stringa="a":b=""[a], String[], String[a], String[a], Stringa=Null:b=Null[], Null[], Null[], Null[], Nulla=Empty:b=Empty[], Empty[], Empty[], String[0], Integera="":b=""[], String[], String[], String[], Stringa=2:b=3[2], Integer[3], Integer[23], String[5], Integera=2.2:b=3.3[2.2], Double[3.3], Double[2.23.3], String[5.5], Doublea=4:b=0.5[4], Integer[0.5], Double[40.5], String[4.5], Doublea=4:b=-0.5[4], Integer[-0.5], Double[4-0.5], String[3.5], Doublea=4:b=-5[4], Integer[-5], Integer[4-5], String[-1], Integera=-4:b=2[-4], Integer[2], Integer[-42], String[-2], Integera=-4:b=0.5[-4], Integer[0.5], Double[-40.5], String[-3.5], Doublea=-4:b=2.5[-4], Integer[2.5], Double[-42.5], String[-1.5], Doublea=-4:b=-2.5[-4], Integer[-2.5], Double[-4-2.5], String[-6.5], Doublea=-4:b=-0.5[-4], Integer[-0.5], Double[-4-0.5], String[-4.5], Doublea=-4:b=-2[-4], Integer[-2], Integer[-4-2], String[-6], Integera="-4":b="2"[-4], String[2], String[-42], String[-42], Stringa="a":b="b"[a], String[b], String[ab], String[ab], Stringa="-4":b=-2[-4], String[-2], Integer[-4-2], String[-6], Doublea="a":b=-2[a], String[-2], Integer[a-2], String[error], errora=-4:b="-2"[-4], Integer[-2], String[-4-2], String[-6], Doublea=-4:b="b"[-4], Integer[b], String[-4b], String[error], error

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